MMR 1961 Chapter 1 Notes & 50 MCQs for DGMS 1st & 2nd Class Exam

📘 MMR 1961 – Chapter 1 (DGMS 1st & 2nd Class Exam Notes)
1. Extent & Application
Applies to: All mines in India.

Does not apply to:

Petroleum & Natural Gas.

Atomic Minerals (covered under Atomic Energy Act, 1962).

Framed under: Mines Act, 1952.

👉 Exam Tip: Many times DGMS asks “MMR not applicable to which of the following?”
2. Important Definitions (Rule 2 – High Weightage Area)
Mine:

Includes underground, opencast, boreholes, shafts, inclines, adits, etc.

Also includes dressing plants, workshops, dumps, conveyor systems, coke ovens attached to mine.

Owner:

Person with ultimate control over mine or having right to minerals.

If mine leased → lessee = owner.

If contractor working → principal employer still owner.

Agent:

Representative of owner, responsible for management & supervision.

Must be appointed in writing.

Manager:

One manager per mine (cannot manage 2 mines except with DGMS permission).

Responsible for day-to-day operation, safety, health & welfare.

Appointment must be approved/notified to DGMS.

Competent Person:

A person with required qualification & experience, appointed in writing by Manager.

E.g., Sirdar, Overman, Surveyor, Mechanical Engineer.

Metalliferous Mine: Mine other than coal, oil, gas.

Chief Inspector (DGMS): Supreme authority for enforcement.

Approved Appliances/Lamps: Only DGMS approved equipment to be used.

3. Notice & Returns – Very Important for Exam
Opening / Re-opening of Mine → 15 days before written notice to DGMS & Regional Inspector.

Abandonment / Permanent Closure → 60 days before.

Temporary discontinuance (> 90 days) → Notice within 30 days.

Change of Ownership / Agent / Manager → Notice within 7 days.

Accident Notice → Immediately as per Accident Rules (Mines Act).

👉 DGMS MCQs usually test exact days (7 / 15 / 30 / 60).
4. Responsibilities(a) Owner
Ultimate responsibility.

Ensures compliance with Act, Rules, and Regulations.

Provides adequate funds & resources.

(b) Agent
Directly responsible for control & supervision of mine.

Must ensure that Manager and competent persons discharge duties properly.

(c) Manager
Day-to-day management & safety of mine.

Must be present at mine during working hours.

Cannot delegate ultimate responsibility.

Must keep records, plans, and notices up-to-date.

(d) Competent Person
Limited duties, appointed in writing.

Helps in daily technical & safety tasks.

5. Other Key Provisions
DGMS officers (Inspectors/Chief Inspector) → Power to enter, inspect, examine records, plans, workers.

Language of notices/instructions → Must be in language understood by majority of workers.

Registers/Records → Must be maintained as prescribed.

Penalty for contravention → Mines Act, 1952 prescribes imprisonment/fine.

6. DGMS Exam Quick Facts (Memory Points)
Notice of opening/re-opening → 15 days.

Notice of abandonment (permanent closure) → 60 days.

Notice of temporary discontinuance (> 90 days) → 30 days.

Notice of change of ownership/manager/agent → 7 days.

One mine → one Manager only.

Manager cannot manage more than one mine without DGMS approval.

Owner → ultimate control | Agent → representative | Manager → operational head | Competent Person → limited technical duties.

DGMS = Chief Inspector of Mines → supreme enforcing authority.

Not applicable to: Petroleum, Natural Gas, Atomic Minerals.
📘 MMR 1961 – Chapter 1 MCQs (20 Qs with Answers & Explanations)
Q1.MMR, 1961 has been framed under which Act?
A) Mines Rules, 1955
B) Mines Act, 1952
C) Mines & Minerals Act, 1957
D) Coal Mines Regulations, 1957
E) Factories Act, 1948
✅ Answer: B
Explanation: MMR 1961 is made under Mines Act, 1952 to regulate mining operations in India.
Q2.Which of the following is NOT covered under MMR, 1961?
A) Coal mines
B) Metalliferous mines
C) Petroleum and Natural Gas
D) Stone mines
E) Bauxite mines
✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Petroleum & Natural Gas are excluded; regulated separately.
Q3.Notice of opening/re-opening of a mine must be given:
A) 7 days before
B) 15 days before
C) 30 days before
D) 45 days before
E) Immediately on opening
✅ Answer: B
Explanation: As per Rule 3, notice of opening/re-opening must be given 15 days in advance to DGMS & Regional Inspector.
Q4.Notice of permanent abandonment (closure) of a mine must be given:
A) 15 days in advance
B) 30 days in advance
C) 45 days in advance
D) 60 days in advance
E) Within 7 days of closure
✅ Answer: D
Explanation: Permanent closure requires 60 days’ prior notice.
Q5.Notice of temporary discontinuance (>90 days) of work in a mine must be given:
A) 7 days
B) 15 days
C) 30 days
D) 45 days
E) 60 days
✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Temporary discontinuance must be notified within 30 days of such discontinuance.
Q6.Change of ownership, agent, or manager must be notified within:
A) 24 hours
B) 3 days
C) 7 days
D) 15 days
E) 30 days
✅ Answer: C
Explanation: DGMS must be informed within 7 days.
Q7.Who is the supreme enforcing authority of MMR, 1961?
A) Inspector of Mines
B) Regional Inspector
C) Chief Inspector of Mines (DGMS)
D) Ministry of Labour
E) Mining Board
✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Chief Inspector of Mines (DGMS) is the top enforcement authority.
Q8.Which of the following is TRUE regarding appointment of Manager?
A) More than one manager may be appointed for a mine
B) One person can manage two mines without restriction
C) Each mine must have one Manager only
D) Manager appointment not required in opencast mines
E) Manager may be appointed orally
✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Each mine must have one duly appointed Manager approved/notified to DGMS.
Q9.The “Owner” of a mine is:
A) Only the person financing the mine
B) Only the contractor
C) The person/company having ultimate control or right to minerals
D) Always the Manager
E) The Agent appointed✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Definition of “Owner” → person/company with ultimate control/right to minerals.
Q10.If a mine is leased, the lessee is considered as:
A) Agent
B) Contractor
C) Owner
D) Manager
E) Competent person✅ Answer: C
Explanation: In case of lease, lessee = owner.
Q11.Who is directly responsible for daily supervision & control of the mine?
A) Owner
B) Agent
C) Manager
D) Competent person
E) Inspector✅ Answer: C
Explanation: The Manager is responsible for day-to-day operation & safety.
Q12.A competent person must be:
A) Appointed verbally
B) Appointed in writing with required qualification
C) Approved by Ministry
D) A union member
E) Appointed by Inspector✅ Answer: B
Explanation: Competent person must be appointed in writing by the Manager.
Q13.Metalliferous mine means:
A) Any coal mine
B) Any stone quarry
C) Any mine other than coal, oil, gas
D) Petroleum exploration mine
E) Salt mine✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Metalliferous = other than coal, oil, gas.
Q14.Which of the following is considered part of a “Mine”?
A) Dressing plant
B) Workshops
C) Conveyor systems
D) Coke ovens
E) All of the above✅ Answer: E
Explanation: All ancillary works are included in the definition of mine.
Q15.Accident notice under MMR must be sent:
A) Only to police
B) Only to hospital
C) To DGMS, Regional Inspector, local authority
D) To labour union
E) No need if minor accident✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Serious/fatal accidents must be notified immediately to DGMS, Inspector, and local authorities.
Q16.The ultimate responsibility for compliance with MMR lies with:
A) Manager
B) Agent
C) Owner
D) Competent person
E) Inspector✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Owner holds ultimate responsibility, even though duties are delegated.
Q17.Who acts as representative of Owner?
A) Inspector
B) Agent
C) Manager
D) Competent person
E) Overman✅ Answer: B
Explanation: The Agent represents the Owner.
Q18.Manager cannot manage more than one mine unless:
A) Union approves
B) Inspector allows
C) DGMS grants permission
D) Owner authorizes
E) Court directs✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Only DGMS can permit a manager to manage more than one mine.
Q19.Which language should notices/instructions be displayed in?
A) English only
B) Hindi only
C) Local language understood by majority of workers
D) Language of manager
E) Any regional language✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Notices must be in language understood by majority of workers.
Q20.Failure to comply with MMR provisions may result in:
A) Transfer
B) Demotion
C) Penalty under Mines Act, 1952
D) No consequence
E) Only warning✅ Answer: C
Explanation: Contraventions are punishable under Mines Act, 1952.

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