Materials Management, Behavioural Safety, Health & Welfare, Penalties, Risk Matrix & TARP 

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1. Materials Management in Mining

• Ensures right material, right quantity, right time, right place.
• Direct impact on production cost & downtime.
• Techniques: EOQ, ABC analysis, FIFO/LIFO, JIT.
• ERP systems streamline procurement & storage.

2. Behavioural Science in Safety

• Unsafe behaviours cause >80% accidents.
• Behaviour-Based Safety (BBS) = proactive observation & correction.
• Safety culture influenced by leadership, motivation, stress.

3. Health & Welfare Provisions

• Facilities mandatory: shelters, canteens, first-aid rooms, restrooms.
• Medical checkups required before employment.
• Welfare officers in large mines (≥500 workers).

4. Penalties & Liabilities (Mines Act 1952)

• Manager: legally responsible for daily operations & compliance.
• Offences: violation of safety law, failure to report accidents.
• Penalties: fine (₹5,000–₹50,000), imprisonment (up to 2 years).

5. Risk Matrix in Mines

• Formula: Risk = Probability × Consequence.
• Zones:
• Green = Acceptable risk.
• Yellow = Monitor.
• Red = Immediate action.

6. TARP (Triggered Action Response Plan)

• Structured escalation system for emergencies.
• Trigger Levels:
• Low = Monitor, caution.
• Medium = Corrective action.
• High = Evacuation, shutdown.
• Key in underground coal mines for gas, fire, roof control.

🔑 1-Liner Key Points (Revision Notes)

1. Materials management = 5Rs → right material, quantity, time, place, cost.
2. EOQ minimizes inventory carrying + ordering costs.
3. ABC analysis classifies inventory by value (A = high value).
4. FIFO ensures oldest stock used first → reduces wastage.
5. ERP integrates purchase, storage & usage in mines.
6. Behavioural Safety = addressing unsafe acts of workers.
7. 80% mine accidents → caused by human behaviour.
8. BBS relies on positive reinforcement & peer observation.
9. Stress & fatigue → major behavioural safety risks.
10. Mines Rules mandate canteens for ≥250 workers.
11. First-aid rooms compulsory in mines >150 workers.
12. Welfare officer required if >500 workers employed.
13. Medical fitness certificate mandatory before mine employment.
14. Mines Act Section 72–79 → penalties & offences.
15. Manager legally responsible for safe working of mine.
16. Penalty may include both imprisonment & fine.
17. Accident non-reporting is a punishable offence.
18. Risk Matrix = Probability × Consequence.
19. Green risk = negligible, Red risk = critical.
20. Risk Matrix helps prioritize control measures.
21. TARP = Triggered Action Response Plan in mines.
22. TARP ensures predefined action at each hazard level.
23. Triggers are low/medium/high depending on severity.
24. TARP widely applied in gas emission, roof falls.
25. DGMS promotes WRAC + TARP for risk control.

🎯 MCQs (20 Questions with Solutions + Memory Hack)

Q1. The main objective of materials management in mines is:
A) Cost minimization
B) Delay reduction
C) Safety improvement
D) Optimum use of resources
E) All of the above
✅ Answer: E – Materials management covers all aspects of cost, safety, and resource efficiency. Q2. EOQ balances:
A) Labour & supervision cost
B) Ordering & carrying cost
C) Safety & production cost
D) Wages & welfare cost
E) None
✅ Answer: B – EOQ minimizes total inventory cost. 

 Q3. Behavioural safety focuses on:

A) Machinery
B) Environment
C) Worker behaviour
D) Legislation
E) None
✅ Answer: C – Unsafe acts are prime accident causes. 

 Q4. Major share of accidents in mines is due to:

A) Roof fall
B) Gas explosion
C) Human behaviour
D) Electricity
E) Fire
✅ Answer: C – >80% due to unsafe acts. 

 Q5. Positive reinforcement in safety means:

A) Rewarding safe acts
B) Punishing unsafe acts
C) Ignoring behaviour
D) Passing rules only
E) None
✅ Answer: A – Encourages repetition of safe practices. 

 Q6. Welfare officer is mandatory if workforce exceeds:

A) 100
B) 250
C) 500
D) 1000
E) 2000
✅ Answer: C – Mines Act provision. 

 Q7. Mines Act penalties fall under Sections:

A) 10–20
B) 30–40
C) 50–60
D) 72–79
E) 90–95
✅ Answer: D – Penalty clauses. 

  Q8. Maximum imprisonment for certain offences in Mines Act:

A) 3 months
B) 6 months
C) 1 year
D) 2 years
E) 5 years
✅ Answer: D – Up to 2 years. 

  Q9. Risk matrix classifies hazards based on:

A) Cost & delay
B) Likelihood & consequence
C) Labour & machinery
D) Production & safety
E) None
✅ Answer: B – Standard definition. 

  Q10. In risk matrix, red zone means:

A) Low risk
B) Medium risk
C) Negligible risk
D) High/critical risk
E) Monitor only
✅ Answer: D – Needs immediate control. 

  Q11. TARP stands for:

A) Total Accident Reduction Plan
B) Triggered Action Response Plan
C) Technical Accident Response Procedure
D) Training and Risk Prevention
E) None
✅ Answer: B – Correct expansion. 

  Q12. TARP low trigger indicates:

A) Shutdown
B) Evacuation
C) Monitor condition
D) Explosion risk
E) None
✅ Answer: C – Lowest level = monitoring. 

  Q13. Which tool prioritizes hazards for control?

A) FIFO
B) ERP
C) Risk Matrix
D) EOQ
E) ABC analysis
✅ Answer: C – Risk matrix ranks risks. 

  Q14. ERP in mines supports:

A) Material management
B) HR & payroll
C) Safety records
D) All of the above
E) None
✅ Answer: D – ERP integrates multiple functions. 

  Q15. Behavioural science is applied in mines to reduce:

A) Stress
B) Fatigue
C) Unsafe acts
D) All of the above
E) None
✅ Answer: D – All are part of behaviour-related risks. 

 Q16. Medical exam before mine work is under:

A) Mines Act
B) Mines Rules
C) MMR 1961
D) CEAR 2010
E) None
✅ Answer: B – Mines Rules specify medical fitness.

 Q17. Canteens are compulsory in mines with workers ≥

A) 100
B) 150
C) 200
D) 250
E) 500
✅ Answer: D – Mines Rules. 

  Q18. First-aid room is compulsory in mines employing ≥

A) 50
B) 100
C) 150
D) 200
E) 500
✅ Answer: C – Rule-based requirement. 

  Q19. WRAC is primarily used for:

A) Financial management
B) Safety risk assessment
C) HR planning
D) Production scheduling
E) None
✅ Answer: B – Workplace Risk Assessment. 

  Q20. TARP is most critical in:

A) Stores
B) Surface blasting
C) UG gas monitoring
D) Payroll management
E) Transport
✅ Answer: C – TARP is vital for gas-trigger actions in UG. 🧠 Memory Hack (Quick Recall)

• Materials = 5Rs (Right material, qty, time, place, cost).
• Behaviour = 80% accidents → unsafe acts.
• Health = 250 canteen, 150 first-aid, 500 welfare officer.
• Penalties = Sec 72–79, 2 yrs jail, fines.
• Risk Matrix = L × C → Red = critical.
• TARP = Low (monitor), Medium (correct), High (evacuate).