HR Management, Electrical Safety, Accident Investigation & Legal Framework in Mining

📘 DGMS Detailed Notes – HR, Safety, Laws & Accident Prevention

1. HR Selection & Recruitment in Mines

• Objective: Right person at right job → improve safety & productivity.
• Process:
• Manpower Planning – estimate future workforce needs.
• Recruitment – attracting candidates (internal/external).
• Selection – medical tests, skill tests, interviews, DGMS statutory checks.
• Placement – assigning suitable work (safety-sensitive roles → more scrutiny).
• Key Point: Mine managers must follow statutory rules (age, medical fitness, competence certification).

📌 Remember: MSPP = Manpower → Selection → Placement → Productivity. 2. Training & Development of Mine Workers

• Governed by Vocational Training Rules (VTR) 1966.
• Types of Training:
• Initial Training – before entering mine.
• Refresher Training – annual/periodic.
• Special Training – for explosives, machinery, hazardous zones.
• Development Focus: Safety awareness, emergency response, leadership for supervisors.
• Key Point: No worker can enter mine workings without prescribed training.

📌 Hack: IRS = Initial, Refresher, Special. 3. CEAR 2010 – Electrical Safety in Mines

• Chief Goal: Prevent accidents due to electricity in mines.
• Key Provisions:
• Rule 29: Earth leakage protection (≤30mA for portable tools).
• Rule 36: Earthing of all metallic frames & enclosures.
• Rule 44: Isolation before repair/maintenance.
• Rule 126: Explosion-proof apparatus in hazardous areas.
• Importance: Many mine fires & explosions originate from electrical faults.

📌 Hack: 29–36–44–126 = Earth leakage, Earthing, Isolation, Explosion-proof. 4. RFCTLARR Act 2013 – Land Acquisition for Mining

• RFCTLARR = Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation & Resettlement Act.
• Key Provisions:
• Compensation = 2–4 times market value (rural higher than urban).
• Mandatory Social Impact Assessment (SIA) before acquisition.
• Rehabilitation & Resettlement (R&R) package for displaced families.
• Applies to mining projects, industrial corridors, infrastructure.
• Exam Angle: Balances development needs with rights of landowners.

📌 Hack: CSR = Compensation, Social Impact, Rehabilitation. 5. Steps of Accident Investigation in Mines

1. Immediate Response: Rescue, first aid, secure site.
2. Notification: Inform DGMS & authorities.
3. Evidence Collection: Photos, witness statements, machinery logs.
4. Cause Analysis: Human error, mechanical failure, environmental hazards.
5. Report Preparation: With recommendations.
6. Corrective Action: Training, procedure changes, engineering control.

📌 Hack: INECRC = Inform, Note, Evidence, Cause, Report, Correct. 6. TRAP Concept in Mining

• T → Training: Workers trained in safe practices.
• R → Responsibility: Clear allocation of duties.
• A → Authority: Supervisors empowered for safety enforcement.
• P → Procedure: Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs).
• Essence: Accident prevention through systemic control.

📌 Hack: TRAP = Training + Responsibility + Authority + Procedure. 📘 DGMS Exam Prep – Personnel Management, Safety Rules & Accident Investigation 🔹 1-Liner Key Points (Revision Notes – 25 Points)

1. Recruitment = sourcing suitable candidates for mine jobs.
2. Selection = choosing the right candidate through tests/interviews.
3. Mine HR Policy focuses on safety, skill, and statutory compliance.
4. DGMS law requires appointment of competent & medically fit persons.
5. Training = systematic skill & safety development.
6. Vocational Training (1966 Rules) is mandatory for all mine workers.
7. Refresher Training = periodic safety updates.
8. Special Training = for dangerous jobs like blasting, winding, HEMM.
9. Development = long-term career & safety culture improvement.
10. CEAR 2010 regulates electrical installations in mines.
11. CEAR 2010 Rule: Only certified electricians can work on mine electrical systems.
12. Earthing & circuit protection are compulsory in mines under CEAR.
13. Portable equipment must have earth leakage protection ≤30 mA.
14. RFCTLARR Act 2013 = governs fair land acquisition & rehabilitation.
15. RFCTLARR 2013 ensures compensation, resettlement & livelihood support.
16. Consent of 70–80% landowners needed for PPP/private projects.
17. Accident Investigation = fact-finding, not fault-finding.
18. Steps: Preserve site → Collect evidence → Interview → Analyse → Report.
19. Accident Root Causes = unsafe acts + unsafe conditions.
20. TRAP Concept: T–Technique, R–Risk, A–Analysis, P–Prevention.
21. TRAP helps in proactive accident prevention.
22. Most accidents in mines linked to human factors.
23. DGMS mandates reporting & investigation of fatal/serious accidents.
24. Good HR & Training = fewer conflicts + safer mines.
25. Memory Hack: HR–T, CEAR, RFCTLARR, AI, TRAP → 5 key pillars.

🔹 20 MCQs (with Answers & Explanations) 

Q1. The first step in recruitment of mine workers is:

A) Interview

B) Medical examination

C) Advertisement & job posting
D) Training
E) DGMS approval
✅ Answer: C – Recruitment begins with sourcing candidates. Q2. Selection in mines mainly ensures:
A) Maximum workers hired
B) Only skilled & medically fit persons join
C) Lower wage cost
D) Quick recruitment
E) DGMS exemption
✅ Answer: B – Selection filters suitable candidates. Q3. Vocational Training Rules 1966 mandate training:
A) Only for underground workers
B) Only for engineers
C) For all mine workers
D) For office staff only
E) None
✅ Answer: C – Applies to all mine workers. Q4. Special training in mines is required for:
A) Canteen workers
B) Supervisors
C) Blasters & winding enginemen
D) Clerical staff
E) Contractors only
✅ Answer: C – High-risk jobs need special training. Q5. CEAR 2010 deals with:
A) Explosives in mines
B) Electrical safety in mines
C) Training in mines
D) Accident analysis
E) Land acquisition
✅ Answer: B – CEAR = Central Electricity Authority Regulations. Q6. Earth leakage protection in mines must trip at:
A) 10 mA
B) 30 mA
C) 50 mA
D) 100 mA
E) 200 mA
✅ Answer: B – CEAR requires ≤30 mA. Q7. Under CEAR 2010, electrical repairs must be done by:
A) Any worker
B) Safety officer
C) Certified electrician
D) Manager
E) Contractor
✅ Answer: C – Only certified electricians allowed. Q8. RFCTLARR Act 2013 deals with:
A) Accident reporting
B) Mine ventilation
C) Land acquisition & rehabilitation
D) Electrical rules
E) Recruitment in mines
✅ Answer: C – Rehabilitation & resettlement law. Q9. Consent requirement under RFCTLARR for private projects:
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 80%
E) 100%
✅ Answer: D – 80% consent for private. Q10. Accident investigation’s first step is:
A) Interview witnesses
B) Preserve the accident site
C) Submit report
D) Analyse cause
E) Punish guilty
✅ Answer: B – Must secure site first. Q11. Accident investigation is:
A) Fault finding
B) Fact finding
C) Blame fixing
D) Production improvement
E) None
✅ Answer: B – Purpose is fact finding, not blame. Q12. Root causes of accidents:
A) Unsafe acts
B) Unsafe conditions
C) Both A & B
D) Natural causes only
E) None
✅ Answer: C – Both human error & unsafe environment. Q13. TRAP stands for:
A) Training Risk Analysis Plan
B) Technique for Risk Assessment & Prevention
C) Technical Rescue Accident Program
D) Training Regulation Accident Prevention
E) None
✅ Answer: B – Standard DGMS safety concept. Q14. The “T” in TRAP refers to:
A) Training
B) Technique
C) Technology
D) Test
E) Task
✅ Answer: B – T = Technique. Q15. Which law governs electrical installations in mines?
A) MMR 1961
B) CEAR 2010
C) Mines Act 1952
D) VTR 1966
E) RFCTLARR 2013
✅ Answer: B – CEAR 2010 is electrical safety law. Q16. HR development in mining focuses on:
A) Safety culture & skill enhancement
B) Cost cutting
C) Wage reduction
D) Machinery purchase
E) All of these
✅ Answer: A – Focused on people & safety. Q17. Refresher training in mines is conducted:
A) Daily
B) Monthly
C) Annually
D) Once in 5 years
E) Only after accidents
✅ Answer: C – Must be conducted yearly. Q18. Land acquisition for PPP projects requires consent of:
A) 50%
B) 60%
C) 70%
D) 80%
E) None
✅ Answer: C – 70% consent for PPP. Q19. A common step missed in accident investigations is:
A) Site preservation
B) Evidence collection
C) Root cause analysis
D) Preventive recommendation
E) All are necessary
✅ Answer: E – All must be done. Q20. The ultimate aim of TRAP is:
A) Punishing unsafe workers
B) Preventing accidents proactively
C) Training managers only
D) Reducing costs
E) None
✅ Answer: B – TRAP is prevention-focused. 🔹 Memory Hacks for Quick Recall

• HR–T = Hire Right, Train Right.
• CEAR = “Current & Earthing Always Required.”
• RFCTLARR = “Rehab For Citizens, Take Land After Real Relief.”
• Accident Investigation = “5 Steps: Preserve–Collect–Interview–Analyse–Report.”
• TRAP = Technique → Risk → Analysis → Prevention.